Apparatus for forming annular work.



F. A. STEVENSON.

APPARATUS FOR FORMlNG ANNULAR WORK.

APPLICATION FILED DECJI. 1915- Patented May 1, 1917.

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APPARATUS FOR FORMING ANNULAR WORK.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 11. 1915. r

Patented May 1 1917.

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F. A. STEVENSON.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING ANNULAR WORK. APPLICATION FILED DECMI. 1915..

LQMfiOfi. Patented May1,1917.

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FREDERICK A. STEVENSON, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN CAR AND FOUNDRY COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING- ANNULAR WORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 11, 1915. Serial No. 66,3 31.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FREDERICK A. STEVEN- SON, residing at Detroit, Michigan, and being a citizen of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Forming Annular Work, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and to use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the preferred form of the invention, though it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, as it is obvious that various modifications thereof will occur to persons skilled in the art within the scope of the claims.

In said drawings: Figure 1 is a composite view showing on the left my improved machine in elevation and on the right showing a central vertical section thereof, the parts being in the positions they occupy previous to operating upon work.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, the upper table being omitted.

Fig. 3 is another composite view comprising horizontal sections taken on line 33 of Fig. 1, the upper half of said figure being viewed from below and the lower half being viewed from above.

Fig. 4 is a central vertical section corresponding to that shown on the right hand side of Fig. 1 but with the parts in the position they occupy after completing a swaging operation.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross section of a ring to be operated upon; and Fig. 6 is another cross section of the same ring after it has been treated by the machine.

The present invention relates to machines for forming rings, one type of ring which it is especially adapted to produce being the firing ring of a shell or projectile.

An object of the invention is to produce a machine adapted to change a ring having the nature of a short cylinder with parallel inner and outer surfaces, to a cylinder of less altitude, having desired configurations on its convex surface. It is also intended that such ring may be so treated by the machine as to produce a portion of increased diameter intermediate th ends of the vertical section of the ing- A desirable feature is that the ring may be changed from its untreated form to its finished form in a single operation of the machine.

.It is, of course, to be understood that the machine may be utilized to produce rings of other cross section than that referred to and configurations in different portions thereof, and other features of merit are present and will be referred to hereinafter, all coming within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates an upper table spaced an appropriate distance above'the base line of the machine, and 2 a lower table, one table being movable relative to the other. Mounted upon the lower table 2 is a lower die holder 3 which is secured thereto by any suitable means, such as the clamps 4, which are of a well known type and are held in clamping relation by bolts 5, which in practice extend into T slots (not shown in table 2). Lower die holder 3 contains a central annular socket in which is mounted an annular lower die 6 which is firmly retained in place by screws 7 the heads of which occupy pockets in the under side of the lower die holder and whose shanks extend upwardly and have their ends threaded into the lower annular die 6.

Spaced and positioned above said lower die is an annular upper die 7 which is seated in an annular socket present in the under side of the upper die holder 8 which has an upwardly extending neck 9, adapted to slide relatively to cylindrical portions of a pilot 10 and a pilot holder 11. Upper annular die 7 is provided, on its outer convex surface and intermediate the top and bottom thereof, with an annular and angular groove 24 into which the ends of die-retaining screws 25 (shown in Fig. 3) are adapted to be projected and thereby retain the upper die holder in place, the sloping portion of the annular groove serving to give a wedging relation between the end of the screws and the groove face of the upper die. Pilot holder 11 is clamped to the upper stationary table by other clamps and bolts 4 and 5,

Patented May ]l, 191?.

threaded in its lower portion to receive a threaded stud 12 of the pilot 10. Said pilot also has an internal bore. comprising an upper part of smaller diameter and a lower part of greater diameter, the latter terminatwith heads 16 upon which rest the ears 14 of the upper die holder 8. Near their upper extremities, suspension pins 15 are apertured, preferably by being drilled and countersunk, and through the aperture of each pin 15 extends the hooked end of a suspension spring 17. The upper ends of suspension springs 17 are also formed into hooks which are hung upon the projecting ends of supporting pins 18 and are reliably retained in place by any suitable means, such as the cotter pins 19 which are inserted through the outer ends of said supporting pins 18, outside the upper hook of suspension springs 17. Said upper hooks of springs '17 are prevented from inward displacement by an intermediate shoulderforming portion 20 of supporting pins 18, said portions 20 also serving to properly position said supporting pins, so that the axes of suspension springs 17 are maintained in predetermined and non-interfering positions with respect to other adjacent movable parts. The inner, and preferably the major, portions of said supportingpins 18, are'forced into drilled or other suitably formed holes, in an upper flange 21 of the pilot holder 11, and, therefore, the upper die holder is seen to be resiliently supported fi'om said pins 18.

Annularly arranged on the upper face of upper die holder 8, and on a circle of considerably greater diameter than that of the circumference of upper die holder neck 9, is a series of upwardly extending spring positioning lugs 22. With their lower ends resting upon the upper face of upper die holder 8,- and with their lower portions each surrounding one of these positioning lugs 22, are compression springs 23, the upper ends of which are considerably below the under surface of flange 21 of the pilot holder 11, when the parts of the machine are in the positions they occupy before and between work-treating erations. The

funetionof compression springs 23 will be later referred to.

Guide bolts 26 have their lower ends screwed into diametrically opposed feet 27,

'extendingfrom the major and annular portion of lower die holder 3, the holes into which they are threaded being expanded below a thread-containing portion and the ble. After an appropriate vertical adj 11st ment of guide bolts 26 has been made, they are locked in fixed position by nuts 29.

The upper portion of shanks.v of guide bolts 26 extend through holes in the cars 14 of the upper die holder, the latter being slidable vertically relative to the shanks of said guide bolts 26, and the heads 28 of said guide bolts preventing excessive separation of the dies and disconnection between the upper die holder and the guide bolts.

Lower die 6, upper die 7 and pilot l() are provided with work-shaping faces, as follows: Lower die 6 has a lower face 36. slightly inclined upwardly and outwardly and adapted to convert the bottom annular edge 30 of the ring to be treated, the cross Section of which is shown, in Fig. 5, to a beveled edge 30, shown in the section of the finished ring illustrated in Fig. 6. Lower die 6 also has an upright forming wall 31 for producing the contour depicted at 31 in Fig. 6. The under face 32 of the section shown in Fig. 6 is formed by that portion of the upper face of lower die conical portion indicated at 34, Fig. 6,

is adapted to be formed by the similar female conical frustum 3i superposed above shaping portion 33 of upper annular die The more nearly cylindrical, but still frusto-conical, portion 35 of the section shown in Fig.6, is adapted to be produced by the female conical frustum 35 of upper die 7, and the upper beveled edge 36 of the ring section shown in Fig. 6, is created by the. downwardly and outwardly inclined face 36 on the under side of the upper die holder-guiding portion of pilot 1O. The operation of the machine is as follows:

Desiring to convert a ring, the cross section of which is similar to that shown in Fig. 5, i. a, rectangular, to the peculiar cross section depicted in Fig. 6, the parts of the machine are brought into the position illustrated in Fig. 1 and the ring of rectangular section is placed upon lower die 6 so that its lower annular edge projects into said die until brought to rest by the formation of the ring-forming surfaces, when it will occupy substantially the positions shown in dotted and dashed lines 36 in Fig. 1. Through any suitable means, various types of which are well known in the art, the movable table is actuated by a pressure which is suflicient to displace the molecules of the ring to be treated. During such movement, the upper surface of lower die (3 will first encounter the under surface of upper die 7 and the upper portion of ring 30 will be advanced between the inner wall of upper die 7 and the outer wall of pilot 10, the lower end of the latter being curved inwardly to, relatively speak-- ing, enter ring 30. Upper die holder 8, at this time, is supported on the heads 16 of suspension pins 15, and this support is resilient due to the expansion of the tension suspension springs 17. When the lower die 6 is brought into contact with the upper die 7, the upper die-holder changes its position on the guide bolts. so that the heads 28 of said bolts are removed some distance from the upper face of ears 1% of upper die-holder S. The operation continuing with the upper and lower dies in contact, the pilot will be caused to pass through both dies, the upper die sliding along the guide formed therefor by the cylindrical bearing portions of pilot 10 and pilot holder 11, suspension springs 17 gradually closing as they are relieved from the weight of the upper die holder and the die which it carries. This action continues and the upper ends of compression springs 23 engage the under face of flange 21 of the pilot holder 11, gradually becoming compressed as the movable table 2 proceeds to its ultimate position. When this position is attained the under faces of cars 14 of the upper die holder have moved away from the upper faces of the heads 16 of the suspension pins 15, and the work, i. 8., ring 30 is forced between the inner and outer faces of upper die 7 and pilot 10, respectively, until its upper edge 36 is brought into contact with and conformed to the face 36 of pilot 10. When this is accomplished, the female frusto-conical portions 33, 3-L and 35 of the upper die 7 have been caused to assume the positions shown in Fig. 4, and the faces 30 and 31 of the lower die also have been caused to assume their final ositions. Said inclined faces 36 and 30 o the pilot and lower die, respectively, are now more closely juxtaposed than the edges 30 and 36 of the rectangular ring were before the operation. began to take place, and, as a relatively heavy pressure has been exerted upon the metal of the work, that is to say,

the ring, said metal has been displaced untilv it has become conformed to the various faces included in the lower die, the upper die and the pilot holder, and the desired cross sec tion has beengiven to what was originally, the ring of rectangular cross section. This desired cross section, in the present instance, corresponds to that shown in Fig. 6.

It is to be noted that the pilot 10, not only serves as a backing andguide for the ring to be altered, but that it also ultimately passes through the central aperture in lower die 6. Inspection of Fig. i. clearly shows that it, therefore, serves as a guide for both the upper and lower dies 6 and 7, respec tively. These are consequently maintained in accurate and proper relation to each other and said pilot. When the dies and pilot come to their final shaping positions, their faces in the aggregate correspond in shape and dimension to the sum of those the altered form of the ring is to possess.

The work having been performed, the movable table is'caused to recede to its former or initial position and as it does so, compression springs 23 exert a downward thrust. upon the upper die holder 8, which, in turn, causes the upper die 7 to strip the newly formed ring from the pilot 10, and said ring will remain seated in lower die 6 from which it'may be removed and a new ring substituted for similar treatment.

Compression springs 23 gradually assume the positions shown in Fig. 1 as the upper die holder travels downwardly; the under faces of ears 1+ of said upper die holder 8 again engage the heads 16 of suspension pins 15, placing the suspension pins under increasing tension. and all of the parts resume their initial positions without jar, the operation of the machine in both directions being entirely smooth. I

With the use of the machine herein before described, rings or other shaped articlesmay be transformed from one shape to another, in a single operation, and with the advantage of great economy.

I claim:

1. In combination, a work-holding-andpropelling forming die, an opposed forming-die, a. guide member extending into the latter and forming an internal space between the same and itself, and means for causing said first mentioned forming-die to force work into said space and to compress the work, said forming-dies and guide member being adapted to expand said work at predetermined locations.

2. In combination, a work-holding-andpropelling forming-die, an opposing movable forming-die, separate means for driving each die toward the other die and a pilot member extending into said opposing die and forming a space between the same and itself, said work-holding forming-die being adapted to force workinto said space and move said opposing die so that said forming-dies and pilot member cooperate to compress said work and to give variant thickness to its cross section.

3. In combination, a forming-die, an opposing movable forming die, a pilot member provided with a contour substantially corresponding to the intended interior contour of a piece of work, both of said dies being annular internally and normally out of engagement with said pilot member, and means for moving the first mentioned forming-die to cause it to force the work between said opposing forming-die and said pilot member and to make such relation between itself, said opposing forming-die and pilot member that said work is compressed and given a variant cross section.

4:. In combination, a forming-die adapted to be driven and an opposing forming-die under oppositely acting movement influences when in its normal position, both of said dies having internal portions substantiallycorresponding to the intended contour of external portions of a piece of work, and a pilot member provided with an external contour substantially corresponding to the in- ,an opposing. forming-die having an opentended interior contour of the work, and means for actuating said driven formingdie to overcome one of said influences applied to the opposite die and to force the worlcbetween said opposing forming-die and pilot member and to so adjust itself and said opposing forming-die to said pilot member that the work is compressed and given a variant cross section.

In combination in ring-shaping apparatus, a forming die adapted to be driven a and an opposing movable die, means for reing, a movable die-holder therefor inseparable in all of its positions, means for guiding said die-holder, a pilot member of less diameter than the opening .in said opposing die and means for so driving the driven die that a ring of suitable thickness may be forced between said pilot member and said opposing die, there being a resultant positioning of said forming-dies and pilot member whereby said ring is beveled on its lateral edges and given a variant thickness.

7. In combination in ring-shaping apparatus, a forming die adapted to be driven,

'an opposing forming-die, a movable dieholder therefor constantly embracing the same, meansfor guiding said die-holder, a pilot member extending into said opposing die and means for driving said driven die, movement of the latter being adapted to force a ring having inner and outer circumferential faces over said pilot member and between the latter and said opposing die,

eeaaoa and also causing such positioning oflsaid forming-dies and pilot member that said ring acquires beveled lateral edges and variant thicknesses between its circumferential faces.

8. In combination in ring-shaping apparatus, a forming die adapted to be driven, an opposing forming-die, a movable die holder therefor,1 a pilot member extending into said opposing die, movement of said driven die being adapted to force a ring having parallel inner and outer circumferential faces over said pilot member and between the same and said opposing die, and also causing such positioning of said forming-dies and pilot member that said ring acquires beveled lateral edges and variant thicknesses between said circumferential faces, and means for causing said opposing die to act as a stripper for said ring.

9. In combination in a ring-shaping apparatus, a forming-die, an opposing forming-die and a pilot member provided with a forming-die, said elements being provided with work-treating faces, and means for bringing said dies and pilotmember into correlation to form a ring-receiving-and-shaping chamber, the space in said chamber corresponding in form to a ring provided with oppositely beveled opposing edges and outer and inner circumferential faces and also having a plurality of successive portions, a number of said portions each having an unequal thickness between said circumferential faces greater in part than a next adjacent portion. V

10. In combination in ring-shaping apparatus, a forming-die having an exposed face, an opposing forming-die and a guide provided with-a forming-die, said elements having portions adapted to fashion a ring having outer and inner circumferential faces, some of said portions having reversely inclined faces for oppositely beveling opposing edges of the ring, other portions having opposingly spaced annular faces for treat- 111g said circumferential faces of the ring, said opposing annular faces not being in constant parallelism, and means for bringing said elements into such cotiperative relation that a ring is compressed and given a variant cross section, the faces of said fashioning portions forming a dovetail outline that is imparted to the cross section of the ring, and a portion of said exposed face being adapted to form a shoulder in the ring.

11. In combination in apparatus of the class described, a plurality "of forming-dies and a guide allnormally separated from each other and means for moving the same together so as to form faces corresponding to the sum of the component altered faces of a transformed piece of work.

12. In combination in apparatus of the class described, a plurality of forming-dies 3 and a guide adapted to receive work and maintain said dies in a predetermined relation, said dies and guide being all normally separated and adapted to be moved together to form the component faces of a transformed piece of work.

13. In combination in apparatus of the class described, die holders, means permitting limited movement 'therebetvveen, a resilient support for one of said dieholders, a pilot adapted to guide the latter and to reccive annular work, and dies in said dieholders, said dies and pilot being adapted to compress annular work having parallel in.- ner and outer circumferential faces, to form beveled lateral-edges on said work and produce variant thicknesses between said circumferential faces.

14. In combination in apparatus of the class described, die-holders, means permit ting limited movement therebetween, a resilient support for one of said dieholders, dies in said die-holders and a pilot adapted to guide the dies and said resiliently supported die-holder and to receive work, and also to cooperate with said dies to compress annular work having inner and outer circumferential faces, to form beveled lateral edges on said work and produce variant thicknesses between said circumferential faces.

15. In apparatus of the class described, a plurality of work-shaping members having cooperative form-determining faces, said members being all normally separated from each other and being adapted to be brought together to change a ring having a substantially rectangular cross section to a ring 46 having a substantially uniform bore, beveled lateral edges and a series of superposed geometrical frustums, the cross section of the altered ring having a dovetail formation.

16. In apparatus of the class described, a plurality of Work-shaping members having cooperating form-determining faces, said members being normally separated, and means for bringing said members into contiguity to compress a ring having a substantially rectangular cross section and by reason of the fashioning of the form-determining faces to convert it into a ring having a substantially uniform bore, beveled lateral edges, a series of geometrical frustums arranged '-in immediate and uninterrupted succession each frustum being ofincreased base diameter and an annular portion of less diameter than the frustum of greatest diameter adjacent thelatter, said ring having a dovetail cross section.

17. In combination in ring-shaping apparatus, a forming-die adapted to be driven, an opposing forming-die, a movable dieholder therefor, a pilot member extending into said opposing die, movement of said driven die being adapted to force a ring having inner and outer circumferential faces over said pilot member and between the same and said opposing die, and also causing such positioning of said formingdie and pilot member that said ringacquires beveled lateral edges and variant'thicknesses between said circumferential faces and means for causing said opposing die to act as a stripper for said ring.

' to travel longitudinally of said pilot-holder and pilot, a second die-holder, dies in said die-holders, resilient suspension means for supporting the first mentioned die-holder, and means for moving said die-holders to predeterminedly'position said dies with respect to the pilot.

20. In combination in apparatus of the class described, a pilot-holder, a pilotinterlocked therewith, a die-holder adapted to be penetrated by and to travel over said pilotholder and pilot, a second die-holder, dies in said die-holders, means for resiliently suspending the first mentioned die-holder, said means being supported from said pilotholder, and means for moving said die-holders to predeterminedly position said dies with respect to said pilot.

21. In combination in apparatus of the class described, a pilot device, a die-holder movable thereon, another die-holder, dies in the die-holders, a resilient support for the first mentioned die-holder, means for moving the second mentioned die'holder to cause said dies to engage and become predeterminedly positioned with respect to said pilot device and to move said first-mentioned dieholder, and means for pressing the first mentioned die-holder during such movement toward the second mentioned die-holder.

22. In combination in apparatus of the class described, a pilot device, a die-holder, an opposing die-holder, dies in the die-holders, a resilient support for the first mentioned die-holder, means for moving said opposing die-holder to cause said dies to become predeterminedly positioned with re spect to the pilot device and to move the first iii tioned die-holder moves in response to the action of the means for moving said opposing die-holder.

23-. In combination in apparatus of the class described, a die-holder, an opposing die-holder, dies in the die-holders, a resilient suspension support for the first mentioned die-holder, means carried by one die-holder normally limiting the separation of the other die-holder therefrom, and means for moving said opposing die-holder and cans ing the first mentioned'die-holder to move without restraint from said separation-limiting means and out of supported relation with said resilient support.

24. In combination in apparatus of the class described, a pair of die-holders, dies therein, a resilient means for supporting one of said die-holders and means for moving the other die-holder so that said resilient means is relieved of the support of the dieholder it sustained, the last mentioned die- ,holder having its support transferred in efdie-holder, a pilot, dies in the die-holders,

a resilient suspension support for the first mentioned die-holder, means normally limiting the separation of said die-holders,

' means for moving said opposing die-holder to cause the first mentioned die-holder to act independently of said resilient suspension support and separation-limiting means and to predeterminedly position the dies with respect to said pilot, and means for pressing the first mentioned die-holder toward said opposing die-holder, which means are effective subsequently to the action of the first mentioned die-holder that is independent of said resilient suspension support and separation-limiting means' 27. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a pilot-holder and pilot, a resiliently supported die-holderand die normally telescoped upon said pilot, a second die-holder and die, means adapted to cause the pilot to extend through both of said dies and means connecting both die-holders adapted to limit movement of said first mentioned die-holder relatively to said pilot.

28. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a pilot-holder, a pilot, a resiliently supported die-holder, a die connected with said die-holder, a second die-holder and die movable relatively to said first mentioned die, movable means adapted to cause separation of the pilot and one die from the second die holder and its die and means connecting both die-holders adapted to limit movement of one of said dies.

29. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a pilot-holder, a pilot, a resiliently supported die-holder and die normally telescoped upon said pilot, a second die-holder and die adapted to telescope with said pilot, means adapted to cause relative movement of'said dies and pilot-holder and means adapted to limit relative movement of mid glies when the pilot is withdrawn from said 30. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a pilot member, a resiliently supported die transversely spaced therefrom, both being provided with work determining faces, a second die, means adapted to prevent excessive separation of said dies, and means for causing relative movement between said pilot and both of said dies to shape work between both dies and the pilot.

31. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a pilot member, a resiliently supported die-holder and die spaced from said pilot and telescoped thereupon, a second die holder and die, both dies and the pilot having opposing worksshaping faces, and means for causing relative movement of said pilot and dies to shape work between the dies and between them and the pilot.

32. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a pilot member, a resiliently support eddie-holder and die spaced from said pilot and telescoped thereupon, a second dieholder and die, both dies and the pilot having opposing work-shaping faces, means adapted to prevent excessive separation of said dies, and means for causing relative movement of-said pilot and dies to shape work between the dies and between them and the pilot.

33. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a pilot-holde r, a pilot member, a resiliently supported die transversely spaced therefrom both being provided with workdetermining faces, yieldingly mounted suspension means supporting said die from said pilot-holder, a second die, means adapted to prevent excessive separation of said dies and means for causing relative movement between said pilot and both of said diesto shape work between both dies and the pilot.

34. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a pilot-holder, a pilot member, a resiliently supported die-holder and die spaced from said pilot and telescoped thereupon, a second die-holder and die, both dies and the pilot having opposing work-shaping faces,

causing relative movement of said pilot and dies to shape Work between the dies and between them and the pilot.

35. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a'pilot member, a resiliently supported die-holder. and die spaced from said pilot and telescoped thereupon, a second dieholder and die, both dies and the pilot having opposing work-shaping faces, means adapted to prevent excessive separation of said dies, means for causing relative movement of said pilot and dies to shape work between the dies and betweenll'iel'n and the pilot, and rigid guiding means on which one of said die-holders is adapted to slide.

36. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a pilot member, a resiliently supported' die transversely spaced therefrom, both being provided with workdetermining faces," yielding means normally supporting said die, means adapted to limit travel of said die, a second die, and means for causing relative movement between said pilot and both of said dies to shape work between both dies and the pilot. v

37. In combination in a ring-forming-niadie-holder and die spaced from said pilot and telescoped thereupon, a second dieholder and die, both dies and the pilot having opposing work-shaping faces, means for ,ehine, a pilotmember, a resiliently supportedcausing relative movement of said pilot and dies to shape Work between the dies and be tween them and, the pilot, and positively acting means connecting both die-holders adapted to permit separation'thereof While limiting the degree of such separation.

38. In combination in a ring-forming machine, a pilot member, a resiliently support-5 ed die-holderand die spaced from said pilot and. telescoped thereupon, -a second dieholder and dle, both dies and-the pilot havmg opposing work-shaping faces, means permitting separation of said dies but adapted 'to prevent excessive separation thereof, and

means for causing relative movement of said pilot and dies to shape work between the dies and between them and the pilot.

:39. In combination in a device of the class described, opposing die holders, perforated co-acting dies carriedthereby, a pilot passable through said opposing dies adapted to be spaced from portions of each, means normally separating said die holders, devices connecting said die holders llmlting their separation, and means for actuating saiddie-holder-connecting devices and relatively moving said die holders together and said pilot through said dies so that the pilot will be spaced in part. from each die.

40. In combination ina device of the class described, spaced opposing die holders yieldingly connected, co-acting dies carried thereby, a work-backing pilot passable through said dies normally out of engagement with one'of said dies, means for causing said die holders to bring said dies together and for projecting said pilot through said dies, and auxiliaryguiding means for alining said die holders effective at times when said pilot is not'projected through the dies of said'opposing die holders.

41. In combination in a device of the class described, opposing dies, die holders therefor, means normally separating said die holders, means connected to both die holders restraining the same from further separation when said last mentioned means is in a given relation to said die holders, a pilot for said dies and means for bringing said dies and pilot into work-shaping relation.

. 42. In combination in a device of the classdescribed, co-actmg dles, opposing dle holders therefor, a pilot, actuating means for moving the die holders toward each other and said pilot through said dies into Workshaping relation therewith. said means having a stroke, means normallyseparating said die holders, separation-limiting devices so connecting said die holders that their influence is nullified during the stroke of said actuating means and by acting through one of said die holdersis adapted to cause the die therein to strip WOI'k, from said pilot upon a return stroke of said actuating means.

&3. In combination in a device. of the class described, opposing movable die holders, perforated co-acting dies carried by said holders, a pilot normally out of contact with said dies and passable through the same to form space between itself and said dies, means maintaining said die holders 1n spaced but yleldlng relat1on, guides extending into one of said die holders and effective to cause the alinement' of'said dies when said pilot is mcapable, of domgso, and means for moving said die holders and pilot to bring the latter and said dies into Work-forming relation. p

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses. 

